The tribal scenario of India and in particular Madhya Pradesh present interesting life style of the tribal communities sharing the basic characteristics of the social ethos of India and its wide spectrum of regional diversity. Madhya Pradesh is the real abode of the Scheduled Tribes notified from time to time under article 342 of the Indian Constitution. They represent almost all tribal ethnic cultural groups with varying socio-economic situations. The origins and the progression in current history of most of these tribes are shrouded in mist, the tradition being largely oral. The myth and history intermingle in their lores indistinguishably. Even today 80% tribes live in the midst of forest, hills, undulating terrain and rural areas depicting the diversity of their culture. Their exotic life style the in-depth bond with nature, particularly their socio-cultural practices, their dances, music, colourful dresses and their headgears, primitive beliefs in customs, taboos, mystics, and magic attract the attention of outsiders. According to Census 2001, the total population of Madhya Pradesh is 603.48 lacs, of which the tribal population constitutes about 122.33 lacs which is 20.27% of the total population. Three tribes (Bharia, Saharia & Baigas) have been declared as the primitive tribes, which entertain special status in terms of providing additional financial and material assistance to ameliorate their socio-economic conditions.
The approach to the tribal development has undergone a considerable change over the period taking into account the felt-needs and priorities of these communities. Accordingly the tribal development programmes in the State have also witnessed changes in these fields.
Upto the 4th Plan, the approach to tribal development was primarily of welfare activity. With the inception of 5th Plan, the tribal sub-plan strategy was introduced with area and target group approach with specific objectives to channelise the population proportionate flow of State budget for infrastructure development and socio-economic needs of the tribal areas. The remarkable feature of the TSP strategy has been the non-divertibility of funds and includes concerted efforts to accelerate the pace of development in tribal areas.
To achieve these objectives and safeguard the interest of tribal communities special budget heads no 41 and 52 have been created in the budget to channelise the flow of funds to TSP areas for the implementation of various programmes meant for the tribal development in the State.
For the year 2008-09 social, economic and educational development and empowerment of socially disadvantaged groups and bringing them at par with the rest of the society is a high priority for the State Government. Education is one of the most important instruments of social and economic empowerment. Promotion of literacy in tribal communities in general and ST girls in particular in low female literacy pockets and in PTG areas is proposed to be done by converting 150 elementary schools into Ashram Schools. Schools and Hostels of excellence at district and block head quarters will also be strengthened to provide quality education. 50 Middle schools will be upgraded to High Schools, and 20 High Schools will be upgraded to Higher secondary schools. 20 additional faculties shall be opened in Higher secondary schools. 2 new PTG Eklavya schools have been proposed at Jabalpur and Gwalior. under Article 275(1). Community radio stations for propogation of education in Bhili Gondi and Korku languages will be set up. To provide nutritive food to students living in hostels and ashrams, the rate of stipend has been increased to Rs. 500/- for male and Rs. 525/- per month for female students. Besides economic development schemes that directly benefit ST farmers like construction of wells, pump energisation, electrification of houses, implementation of Forest Right Act are proposed to be established during the year 2008-09 under the Eleventh Plan. Youth are being trainded for skilled employment and jobs through reputed companies and firms.
The main functions of the tribal department are to act as the Nodal department for TSP and SCA implementation, to implement the line functions and schemes of the Department., to ensure proper utilization of funds earmarked for TSP and SCP under cluster approach, to ensure implementation of projects of different departments which have direct bearing on socio-economic and human resource development of tribal communities, to ensure proper utilization of grants received under Art. 275(1) of constitution of India under the welfare approach, to ensure proper implementation of scheduled caste and scheduled tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. and Rules, Preservation and development of tribal culture, Training of officers and teaching staff working in tribal areas.
WRITE-UP
OF SCHEMES
EDUCATION
· Elementary Education:
1. Primary Schools: - It is an ongoing scheme of the department. Primary education from class I to V is imparted to the boys/girls in tribal areas. At present 12643 primary schools are being run by department in 89 Tribal Development Blocks. Under this Scheme Rs. 8400.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
2. Ashram Schools: - Ashram schools are opened in sparsely populated / remote tribal areas for ST boys and girls. The students are paid stipend at the following rates:-
Boys : Rs. 500/- per month
Girls : Rs. 525/- per month
At present there are 915 ashram schools with 53620 seats. Beside stipend scholarship is also paid. Under this Scheme Rs. 3417.96 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
3. Class I to V Scholarships to Girls & PTG Boys: - An incentive of Rs. 15 per month is given to the parents of girl students of class I to V with intention to minimize the burden of girl education on their parents. It is also meant to promote girls’ enrolment and to retain them in the schools. Under this Scheme Rs. 2202.30 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
4. Uniform to Girls & PTG Boys: - Under this scheme free uniforms are provided to the girl students of class I to VIII by Rajya Shiksha Kendre in Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan except 33 blocks which are not covered in their criteria. In these 33 blocks tribal welfare department provides uniform to ST girls students of class I to VIII.
Provision is made to provide uniform shoes shocks, sweater , school bags to PTG students studding in class I to XII No of the students estimated in year of 2008-09 is 1.20 Lacks and amount Rs. 800.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
5. Middle Schools: - This is an ongoing scheme wherein education is imparted to the tribal boys/girls from VI to VIII standard. There are 4369 middle schools being run by the department in tribal areas. Under this Scheme Rs. 4994.57 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
6. Mid-Day Meals: - under the scheme cooked meal is served to the students of class I to V. It tends to arrest the dropouts in schools and addresses the problem of malnutrition among tribal children. Under this Scheme Rs. 2200.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as additionality to govt. of India's fund it also includes construction of kitchen shades.
7. Kanya Shaksharta Protsahan (Incentive to Girls Education Class VI): - To promote female literacy and to check drop out rates among the tribal girls due to various social and economic reasons a new scheme has been introduced to provide Incentive of Rs. 500 to girls. It has been observed that many girls' students tend to drop out at the crucial juncture of their schooling because of practice of early marriage or due to economic hardships. To arrest this tendency and to encourage their parents to let their daughters continue their studies in secondary level the department has introduced this new scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 375.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
8. Award to Gram Panchayats for promoting Education: - Under the scheme of universalisation of Primary Education a new scheme has been introduced to award those Gram Panchayats who promotes 100 % enrolments and makes efforts to minimize dropout. one such Gram Panchayats of each 89 tribal blocks would be awarded with a sum of Rs. 25000/-. Under this scheme Rs. 24.00 have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
9. Construction of Ashram School Buildings: - This is a 50:50 Centrally Sponsored Scheme for the construction of Ashram buildings. Under this Scheme Rs.400.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09. Rs.600.00 lacks have been proposed from State Sources for the year 2008-09.
· Secondary Education :
1. Grant-in-Aid to NGOs: - This is a ongoing scheme to support NGOs working for the education of tribals. NGOs running educational institutions, Hostels, Ashrams and Dispensaries in tribal areas are given grant-in-aid under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 523.85 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
2. Re-imbursement of Board Examination Fees: - The Board Examination Fee of HS and HSS examination of tribal students is re-reimbursed to Madhyamic Shiksha Mandal directly by the department. Under this Scheme Rs. 115.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
3. Model Higher Secondary Schools:- Residential Model Higher Secondary Schools are opened to impart quality education to meritorious tribal students. There are 8 such schools in tribal areas of the state. Under this Scheme Rs. 332.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
4. Girl’s Education Complexes: - This is an ongoing scheme aimed at the education of meritorious tribal girls. At present there are 2 Girls Education Complex running in tribal areas. Under this Scheme Rs. 45.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
5. Sports Complexes: - This is also an ongoing scheme to promote sports among the tribal students along with their education. At present there are 14 Sports Complex running in tribal areas. It includes sports competition and incentives for athlets. Under this Scheme Rs. 275.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
6. High Schools: - High School have been setup in tribal areas to impart education up to X standard. . At present there are 630 High Schools running in tribal areas. In addition to it 50 new High Schools are being opened in the financial year 2008-09. Under this Scheme Rs. 2136.42 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
7. Higher Secondary Schools:- The department runs Higher Secondary Schools in tribal for imparting education for XI and XII standard in tribal areas. Presently there are 503 Higher Secondary Schools running in tribal areas and 20 new H.S.S. and 20 new faculty are being opened in the financial year2008-09. Under this Scheme Rs. 3500.00 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
8. Vocationalisation of Education: - In 39 Higher secondary schools vocational courses are being run as separate faculty the students after passing 12th examination opt self employment. Under this Scheme Rs. 199.25 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
9. Hostels: - This is an ongoing scheme. The scheme provides residential facilities to the tribal students of class 6 to 10. Under this Scheme Rs. 2398.77 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09 as establishment expenditure.
10. Teacher’s Training: - This is an on going scheme under which training and refresher courses are organised for teachers to improve their teaching skills. It includes Officers & employees training. Under this Scheme Rs. 57.00 lacks have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
11. Merit Scholarships: - The scheme envisages scholarship of Rs. 40/- for VI to VIII and Rs. 50/- for class IX to X to those tribal students who excel in studies. Thus this is an incentive given to targeted meritorious students. Under this Scheme Rs. 6.12 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
12. Students’ Welfare Fund: - Some assistance is given to those students whose parents are under below poverty line. This assistance particularly is given to those students whose performance in art, culture, sports or in any other field outstanding. Under this Scheme Rs. 71.56 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
13. Scout Guide : - To promote Disciplinary activities and Development of personality among the Tribal Students studying in Departmental Schools. Provision is made under this scheme is Rs.60.91 for the year of 2008-2009.
14. Library for HSS : - 503 HSS are running in the department to provide better books for the school library provision is made of Rs. 81.30 Lacks for the year of 2008-09 .
15. Science equipments in HS/HSS: - To improve practical facilitiies in science lab, Rs.272.00 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
16. State Scholarship: - A monthly scholarship of Rs. 20/- to boys and 30/- to girls of class VI to VIII and Rs. 30/- to boys and 40/- to girls of class IX to X is given under the scheme. There is a target to benefit 1,80,000 students during the next financial year. Under this Scheme Rs. 3009.31 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
17. Incentive to Girls Education ( Class IX and XI ):- This scheme is a forward linkage to the previous one and intends to retain the tribal girls in the schools up to higher secondary level. It also aims at making them capable enough to have access in job market by acquiring some professional skill in various technical and non-technical courses after completing their higher secondary education. This scheme is also meant to render women's empowerment in tribal societies where the condition of women is already very poor. Under this Scheme Rs. 447.08 lakes have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
18. School of Excellence: - To provide qualities , English & Hindi medium education in the 87 district/ block level school of excellence has been established . Provision for 2008-09 Rs.264.00 Lacks is proposed .
19. Maintenance of Educational Institutions (Including equipments): Provision for 2008-09 Rs.464.50 Lacks is proposed
20. Computer Training to Tribal Students: - Hostel student of post metric and pre metric are proposed to provide computer training and English coaching though selected agencies. For the year 2008-09 Rs.115.20 Lacks are proposed.
21. Award to Educational Institutions & Ashram / Hostels for Excellent Performance: - To improve the quality of educational institution like hostels ashrams and schools competitive provision is made under this scheme . Which institutions get best place on the basis of performance provision is made to award them by Its. prize Rs.25000 2nd. prize Rs.15000 and 3rd prize Rs. 10000 total No. of award is 353 and proposed amounts is Rs. 35.05 Lacks .
22. Education Through Satellite / EDUSAT : - 50 SITs are being established for the ruinning them Rs.30.00 Lakhs for the year 2008-09 .
23. Construction of Hostel Buildings: - Free residential facilities provided to tribal students. So 20 hostel buildings are proposed for construction. Provision made Rs. 1350.00 Lakhs for the year 2008-2009.
24. Construction of Higher Secondary & High School Building : - Construction of High School Higher Secondary, Educational Institute & Science lab Building for student facilty. Provision made Rs. 1350.00 lakhs.
25. Construction of Hostel Buildings(CSP):- Free residential facilities provided to tribal students. So 20 hostel buildings are proposed for construction. Provision made Rs. 750.00 Lakhs for the year 2008-2009.
Tribal Welfare Department has various schemes that aim at economic development of tribals. There are two types of schemes – infrastructure development in tribal areas and beneficiary oriented schemes. The brief description of schemes is given below:-
1. Sandigdh Dayitva Nivaran Nidhi :- It is an ongoing scheme. In case where benefits of institutional credit extended to tribals have not actually reached them, the repayment of loan/installment is made from this Nidhi. This scheme is meant for the tribal living in the tribal scheduled area. Cases up to Rs.500 are sanctioned by the project level committees while cases up to Rs. 2000 are decided by the State-level Committee. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 17.65 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
2. Udhyami Vikas Sansthan: - This organisation was also set-up for imparting technical training to the tribal youths in traditional skills and provide them employment through TCPCs. under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 36.25 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
3. M.P. Council for Employment and Training: - M.P. Council for Employment & Training imparts job oriented technical training to the tribal youths to enhance their employability. Its main emphasis is on electronics and computer applications. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 30.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
4. Madhya Pradesh Tribal Finance and Development Corporation: - Madhya Pradesh Tribal Finance and Development Corp. was established under section 25 (not for profit) of Indian Company Act. 1956 in the year 1994. Under this Scheme Rs. 200.00 lakhs have been proposed for the share capital for the year 2008-09.
5. Establishment Grant to Tribal Finance and Dev. Corporation:- Under this Scheme Rs.138.00 lakhs have been proposed for the share capital for the year 2008-09.
6. Vanya Prakashan: - Vanya Prakashan was set-up to publish books and reading materials for tribal students and for the department. It was also envisaged that this organisation would publish rare books on tribal culture and development. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 356.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
7. Chhatra Grih Yojna: - Those ST students who are not able to get admission in Post-matric hostels are provided residential facilities in the scheme. Five or more post matric students living in a privately rented accommodation with a common mess are covered under the scheme. The government pays the rent to the students who are entitled to post matric scholarships at hostel rates. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 81.93 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
8. Preservation and Development of Tribal Culture: - It is an ongoing scheme under which cultural programmes are organized at divisional and ITDP levels. The participants are also given prizes for their performances. The tribal Chiefs are also sent to Delhi for participation in Republic Day function. Under this Scheme Rs. 60.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
9. Publicity of Departmental Schemes: - Various schemes for social and economic development for scheduled tribes are being implemented by the state government department. The state government brings out various publications and periodical to disseminate information of the schemes among the tribals. Exhibitions are also organised for the benefit of tribals. under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 100.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
10. Rahat Yojna: - This is an ongoing scheme of department under which immediate financial relief is given to tribal families under distress who are not able to get relief under any other scheme of the government. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 58.37 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
11. Rajiv Gandhi Food Security Mission: - In the wake of resolution passed by the State Government on 14th January 1999, Rajiv Gandhi Food Security Mission has been set-up to ensure security of life of tribals against drought and famine in the remote and in-accessible areas. It aims at assured supply of food grains to the tribal families living below the poverty line during the period of crop failure in rainy seasons and temporary unemployment. A Grain Bank has been set-up in each Panchayat in tribal areas where poor identified families could borrow the required quantity of food grains. They can repay either the cost of food grain or the food grainslf, and when their financial condition improves. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 27.00 lakhs have been proposed for the share capital for the year 2008-09.
12. Post-Matric Hostels: - Residential facilities are provided to the students of +2 and college students in the vicinity of their educational institutions located in towns and cities. Presently there are 86 post matric hostels running in this scheme out of which 14 are under "plan". 05 new post matric hostels are to be opened in this year. Under this Scheme Rs. 234.50 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09. Entrance Allowance to Students of Post-Matric Hostel: - This scheme was introduced 9th plan. All students admitted in the post-matric hostels for the first time are given Rs. 950/- to purchase bedding material. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 112.68 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
13. Strengthening of Administration at Block-Level (Salary of CEOs): - With the introduction of Panchayat Raj System an Office of Chief Executive Office at Janpad Panchayat level has been created to coordinate the developmental efforts of all development departments at block-level. Under this Scheme Rs. 261.39 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
14. Facilities for Higher Education Outside the State:- To facilitate higher education outside the state to tribal students this schemes aims at giving them residential facility as well as financial assistance at the place of their studies. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 1.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
15. Relief under Atrocity Act :- The victims of atrocity are provided with relief as per following rates:-
|
Sl. No. |
Category |
Amount of Assistance ( in Rs.) |
|
1. |
2,00,000.00 |
|
|
2. |
Murder due to rape |
1,00,000.00 |
|
3. |
Permanent disability due to atrocity |
1,00,000.00 |
|
4. |
Temporary disability due to atrocity |
30,000.00 |
|
5. |
Rape |
50,000.00 |
|
6. |
Serious physical injury |
15,000.00 |
|
7. |
In case of house burn |
15,000.00 |
|
8. |
Damage of current assets |
2,000.00 |
|
9. |
Damage of other economic resources |
2,000.00 |
|
10. |
For marriages of tribal girls |
1,000.00 |
A provision of Rs. 210.00 lakhs has been proposed for the year 2008-09.
16. Post-Matric Scholarship: - Government of India provides post metric scholarship to those students whose parent's annual income is less than 1.00 lakh but state government from their own resources benefiting students whose parents annual income is up to 1.80 lakhs. Under this Scheme Rs. 1954.95 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
17. Establishment of District Centers of Excellence:- Hostels for 50 boys and 50 girls of SC/ST have been set up in each district where meritorious students are admitted. The students in these hostels study in a school of their choice and they are provided supplementary coaching by best teachers available in the town. These students get not only the enhanced rate of stipend but also facilities such as library, computer training, stationary etc. under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 771.70 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
18. Admission in Public Schools: - ST students who secure admission in public schools and whose income does not exceed the prescribed limit are given free-ship. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 109.63 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
19. Cast Certificate to ST Students :- . Under this Scheme Rs. 30.00 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
20. Coaching for All india Services :- To provide coaching for ST candidate for UPSC examination. Provision is made Rs. 30.00 Lacks for the year 2008-09.
21. Information Technology :- For the purpose of E-governess and interlinking to districts offices by LAN and development of necessary software. Provision is made Rs. 60.00 Lacks for the year 2008-09.
22. Strengthening of Hostels/ Strengthening of Ashrams:- To provide residential and other facilities to the Tribal students in Hostels/Ashram Schools. Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 1601.04 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
23. Overseases Scholarship to ST Students :- Provision is made Rs. 150.00 Lacks for the year 2008-09.
24. Incentive to Candidates for All India & State Servises :- Under this scheme which ST candidate qualifies the pre, main and interview a fixed amount is provide to them . Provision Rs. 100.00 Lacks for the year 2008-09.
25. Construction of Cement Roads in Tribal Bastis :- To provide Samudayaik Bhawan,Cement Road etc., facilities to the tribal society under the scheme Basti Vikas Yojana the provision of Rs. 2890.75 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
26. Rani Durgawati & Shankar Shah award:- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 10.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
27. Prasadhan kit in Hostels/Ashrams:- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 100.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
28. Upgradation of ST students Marit(CSS):- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 25.80 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
29. Residential School Socioty (EMRS)-275(1):- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 700.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
30. Coaching for Competitive Exams: - Professional Examination Training Centers have been set-up at Divisional headquarters to impart coaching for various competitive examinations to ST aspirants. Under this Scheme Rs. 27.50 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
31. Vocational Training Centre(CSS):- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 135.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
32. Implementationof Forest Right Act (NEW) :- It includes strengthening and training. Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 300.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
33. Construction of Official & Residential building (NEW) :- It includes Construction of Official & Residential building for Divisional & District office and residential quaters. Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 950.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
34. Training of unemployed youth (NEW) :- Under this scheme the provision of Rs. 200.00 Lakhs is made for the year 2008-2009.
35. Preservation of Tribal Culture, Research & Training (TRI)-(CSP) :- This is a Centrally sponsored scheme shared on 50:50 basis. Studies and evaluations are carried out under the schemes. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 78.50 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.
36. Building for Tribal Museum (TRI)-(CSP) :- A museum is being set up at Bhopal to preserve the rich cultural heritage of tribal art and crafts. Under the scheme. Under this Scheme Rs. 629.28 lakhs have been proposed for the year 2008-09.